Rubbing machine



Feb. 3. .1925. L v1,;-', 24,902

s. F. ANDERSON RUBBING MACHINE Aug. 14, 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 3. 1925.

S. F. ANDERSON RUBBINGMAGHINE Filed A'ua. 14, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 5Patented Feb. 3, 1925.

UNITED s OFFICE.

SWAN F. ANDERSON, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS,TO C. PAUL PARKER, TRUSTEE, QF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

RUBBING MACHINE.

Application led August 14, 1920. Serial No. 403,442.

To all whom t may4 concern.'

NBe. it known that I, SWAN F. ANDERSON, a

- citizen of the United States, residing at Vprovide a novel andimproved universal rubbing machine which is adapted forl a wide range ofuse, such` as for abrading, finishing or polishing in the furniture,cabinet or automobile body industries, or as for sanding and finishingmetal parts in the machine tool and analogous industries.

A further ,object is to provide a bearing slide of advantageousconstruction especia-1- ly conducive to the longevity and'efciency ofthe machine, provision-being made for enclosing the bearing surfaces andpreventing the entrance of foreign matter thereto.

Machines of this type which have been placed on the market have atendency, due

to their inherent design, to vibrate and wiggie when in operation. Thistendencyl is most pronounced in machines having rubbing elementsarranged to reciprocate side bvside'instead of toward and from eachother. It has heretofore been attempted to neutralize the vibration andside wobble by sufficiently increasing the weight and bulk of themachine to absorb thevibration, and b v operating the rubbing padstowardl and from each other. An object of the present invention is toprovide a machine which will be free from vibration in all sizes, lightin weight, and in which the rubbing pads are arranged to reciprocateeither side by side or toward and from'/ each other.

Another object is to provide an improved connection between thedifferent: slides and the vpistons Afor actuating them whereby theseelements are maintainedin balanced .relation vthroughout theirreciprocation.

A further object is to provide a machineof the character described whichcan be economically produced, and which will be efiicient and lpracticalunder all conditions of operation.

Further objects and advantages will become apparent as the descriptionproceeds.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rubbingmachine of that type in which the pads reciprocate toward and from eachother in a common plane, embodying my invention;

Flg. 2, a cross sectional View through the machine taken substantiallyon the line 2 2 of Fig. 1;

y Fig. 3, a longitudinal sectional view taken substantiallv on the line3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. L1, a sectional view taken on the line 1 -i1 of Fig. 1; Figs. 5, 6,7. 8 and 9, horizontal sectional views taken substantially on the lines5 5, 6 6. 7 7, 8 8 and'9 9, respectively, of Fig. 3, with thebearing-inclosing structure removed in the latter figure. Fig. 10, anend view of an end plate detached from the machine. v

F igs. 11, 12 and 13, end views of thel cylinder head, slide bearingplate, and'bearinginclosing structure, respectively;

Fig. 14, a. perspective view of one of the parts connecting the slidesand pistons;

Fig. 15, a perspective view of one of the slides; i Fig. 16, is across-sectional view similar to Fig. 2, through a machine of anotherform of my invention, in which the. rubbing elements reciproca-te sideby side as distinguished from toward and from each other;

Figs. 17, 1,8 and '19, horizontal sectional views taken substantially onthe lines 17 17, 18- 18 and 19-19, respectively of Fig. 16, with thebe-aring-inclosi'ng structure removed in the latter figure. Figs. 20 and21, end and side elevations of the pad holder slide such as is used in amachine of the type shown in Fig. 16;

Fig. 22, ya cross-sectional View through the cylinder hea-d of thismachine; `and Fig. 23, a perspective view of one of the pad holderslides used with this machine.

It will be noted that some of the principles employedl in the presen-tmachines form the subject matter of my co-pending application VSerialNo. 189,563, and its divisional appli- -so A to a pneumatically operatedmachine, all of the novel features are not necessarily limited to use ina machine of such character, inasmuch as certain features might beemployed equally as well in mechanically or electrically operatedmachines.

Reference will be had first to Figs 1 to 15 inclusive, illustrating oneworking example of a rubbing machine embodying the present invention inwhich the rubbing elements reciprocate toward and from each other. Themachine body, that is, the main stationary parts, comprise generallystated, a cylinder portion 2G, a slide bearing plate 27 and abearing-inclosing structure 28, rigidly joined together in superposedrelation, and end plates 29 and an upstanding handle 31 de- -tachably.secured tothe cylinder portions.

The cylinder portion as shown in Figs. 6 and 11, forms a `pair ofparallel laterally spaced cylinders 32 and 33 in which are respectivelyreciprocable double-end or doubleacting pistons 34 and 35. Eachpistoncentrally between its ends is medially bored for the reception of abearing post 36, rigidly attached to or formed integral with a slidemember towhich a rubbing pad or element is attached. These slidesdesignated generally by characters 37 and 38 for the pistons 34 and 35respectively, are of similar construction and'a detail description ofone will suffice. They are also similar in certain respects to theslides disclosed in my applica tion Serial No. 189,563. In the presentcase, however, it will be particularly`V noted that the only bearingrelied upon for carrying the weight of the machine and for slidablyassociating the rubbing elements withv the machine structure is thetopsurface of the slide member, which surface cooperates with anundersurfa-ce on the machine body. This VAbearing constitutes one of theparticular objects of the present invention and is designed to carry theload of the rapidly reciprocating parts most efliciently considering thelimited space available for bearing purposes. By shaping the top of theslide to provide what might be termed a saw-toothed or serratedsurface39, as shown best in Fig. 15, I not only obtain a maximum bearingsur face, but also one which vvery effectually absorbs the side thrustinherent in a machine of this kind. This bearing surface 39 tits and` isslidable upon a complemental surface 41, Fig. 8 on the underside of thecylinder head, such surface 41 being in the present instance formed on asteel plate 27 which is hardened suitably for the purpose in mind. Theplate 27 secured to the underside of the body 26 by screws, is formedwith openings 43 for the passage of the bearing posts 36 therethrough.

Means is now provided operable between the reciprocating parts formaintaining them in balanced relative relation through out theirreciprocation. rlhis means is preferably pivotal about an axis betweenthe pistons and substantially midway of the ends of said pistons, andhas slidable connection therewith, as disclosed in the above-mentionedapplications. 1n the present instance, I have improved such connectionwith the view to obtaining greater strength and bearing area for theparts involved, and also to promote simplicity and eiiiciency. Thisconnection between the pistons and the slides is effected by means of acircular part 44 Fig. 14 having peripheral bearing in the cylinderportion 26, such peripheral bearing including that of its reduced shank45, and being further confined between and bearing against the undersideof the cylinder portion 26 and the top of the slide bearing plate v 27.This part 44 has a diametrical slotway 46 in which is movable in suchdiametrical plate, a pair of bearing blocks 47 Fig. 7, each having abearing opening for the re c eption of the bearing or slide post 36.

From thenforegoing, it will be apparent that when the pistons areJreciprocated in opposite directions by the proper admission of fluidpressure to the cylinders (which action will be presently described),`the member will be oscillated and serves..to maintain the pistons andconsequently the pad-holder slides, in proper co-operat'ive and balancedrelatlon. During this action, two positions of which are shown in-1Figs.7 and 9, the blocks 47 move radially with respect to the member 44, aswill be obvious.

Each slide has a high and low portion 48 and 49 respectively, atopposite ends and at opposite sides of its longitudinal center,

.which operate above and beneath the similar maye be attached to eachslide, and in the present instance I have equipped each with a padholder 51. The slide bearing is' inclosed by a suitable structure suchas parts 28 mentioned above, which parts also hold the slides inoperative position and prevent displacement thereof when the machine iscarried about.

Any suitable means may be provided for governing the fluid pressure tothe cylinders for elfecting the desired reciprocation of the pistons,and` that shown in the present case is similar to the valve mechanismand motor construction claimed in my application Serial No. 401,232.That is, I employ an oscillatory valve designated generally by 52supported co-axially above the part 45 and seated for oscillation in abushing 53, the

valve having a bifurcated lower end fitting over the reduced end 54 Fig.14.0f the part 44, so as to be oscillated by the latter. The valve isremovable through the top of the cylinder portion and held againstdisplacement by the handle 31, which is likewise re` movably attached tothe cylinder portion. This handle has a central conduit 55 and spacedconduits 56 through which the air pressure is delivered to thedistributing valve. The air passes downwardly through passages 57 and 58Fig. 5 in the valve and by oscillation of the latter will be admittedeither through -the passages 59` and 61 or passages 62 and 63 todiagonally opposite ends of the cylinders 32 and 33 for the purpose ofreciprocating the pistons in opposite directions. On the exhaust strokesthe air in the respective cylinders will pass through the valve ports64, the passage 65 in the cylinder portion and the passages 66 in theend plates, to a air of dischargeI mouths 67 Fig. 13 formed)` in .thebearing-inclosing structure 28 flanking both sides of the verticalpassageway through which the slide members reciprocate. This exhaust airis directed in a continuous stream downwardly and inwardly from theseopposed mouths 67 so as to prevent. any foreign matter from passingupwardly into the working parts of the machine' when in operation. Thisdischarging air is subsequently deflected laterally by a plate 68 Fig. 3to prevent it from striking the active working faces `of the rubbingelements and the immediate surface being worked. The subject matter ofthe air control and discharge is also covered by my prior applications.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 4, I have shown a flushing attachment incorporated inthe machine for delivering water to the surface being' worked when themachine is used for polishing or rubbing down finished Vsurfaces withpumice or other abrasive or polishing agents. For this purpose, I havebored the handle longitudinally as at 69 Fig. 2 for the reception of ahose 71, and I have lfurther bored the cylinder head at 72 and thebearing-inclosing structure 28 at 73 for accommodating the hose and toprotect and hold it in proper operative relation to the machine. I havealso equipped the handle with a shut-off device (see Fig. 4) comprisinga member 74 passing diametrically through the handle between the' airpassages 56 and shaped at its end 75 to embrace the hose and at itsopposite end equipped with a press button 76 which is normally urged bya spring 77 in a direction to pinch the hose and shut ofl'- the watersupply. The handle is slotted at 78 Fig. 1for the reception .of the head75 which latter is confined in the slot against turning. It will bereadily seen that as the operator manipulates the machine, that is,moves it backand forth over the work, by grasping the handle he has atthe same time by reason of the press button 77, immediate control of thewater supply, so that he may very conveniently apply water to thesurface at any time. 70 Referring now to Figs. 16 to 23 inclusive, theseillustrate another important phase of my invention in respect to therubbing elements reciprocating side byside. The machine shown is similarin practically every respect to that described above with the exceptionof suc-h changes as are necessary for the use of the different type ofpad-holder slide. According to the present invention, I propose toemploy a pair of relatively long and narrow pad-holder members arrangedside by side to reciprocate in their respective planes. Asshown in Fig.23, the elongated plate 79 is equipped with a plurality,D three in thepresent instance, of rubbing pads 81, which are articularly adapted forpolishing since t ey allow a thorough agitation and distribution of thepolishing agent. However, innthe event that the machine is to be usedfor sanding, the` rubbing element would be equipped'with a continuousabrasive facing of the required grade. It will be seen, therefore, thatany *suitable facing o r rubbing device might be employed and that bythe use of relatively long rubbing elements of this type, reciprocatingside by side, the machine may be very effectively used for workingcurved surfaces.

Viewing Fig. 16, it will be seen that ,the rubbing devices 82 and 83 arelocated below 100 and in vertical coplanar relation with .the pistons 34and 35 respectively. In prior machines embodying this relation of partseach rubbing device moved along withl and in the same direction as thepiston directly 105 above it which resulted in sidewise vibration orwiggle when the machine was operating on the work. This objectionablesidewise movement I have entirely overcome by connecting each rubbingdevice with and 110 operating it the piston above the opposite rubbingdevice. Thus the alternating side' thrust is counteracted and themachine is exceptionally smooth running and free from vibration.

Fig. 23 shows very clearly the construction of the connection betweenthe rubbing device 83 and the piston 34. This connection compriseslongitudinally spaced parts 84 connected to the plate 79 centrally be-120V interfere with the of screws to provide a thoroughly rigid andsubstantial connect-ion between said parts, which connection preventsside thrust on the fastening screws such as might tend to loosen thesame. The slide. has a lateral extension 89 equipped with an upstandinghearing post 91vwhich fits in the piston 3-1, as shown in Fig. 16. l

The slides of both rubbing devices S2 and 83 are constructed in the samemanner, e;\'- cept for differences in being left and right hand partsand also of the lateral extension S9 for the rubbing device 82 beingattached to its slide portion 87 at the opposite end The thereof fromthat shown in Fig.

purpose of so arranging the parts 89 is toprevent interference when theparts are in the extended position at the end of the stroke, shown, inFig. 19. The posts 91 also pass through the bearing blocks 4-7 and thelatter are guided in the diametrical guideway of the oscillating part44. The bearing plate corresponding to the plate 2T described above, isin the present instance formed in two parts 92 attached to the undersideof the cylinder portion 26.

As shown in Figs. 16 and 20, the parts S9 of the slides are disposedabove the p-lane of the parts 87 and consequently arel located above thebearing plates 92 so as not to continuity thereof. To accommodate theseparts .89, the underside of the cylinder portion 26 is cored or recessedat 93; By reason of the present slide construction, the slide portions87 have a bearing throughout their length and the slide structure is soshaped as to be of minimum weight and yet provide a very strong anddurable connection between the long rubbing device and its piston. lnthis slide construction as in the former, the saw-tooth bearingsurfaceabsorbs and distributes the uneven side thrust and thus serves toeliminate vibration. The bearing-inclosing structure 28 is shaped tosuit the particular c011- ditions of this t-ype of slide and isrigidlyattached along with the bearing plates 92 to the cylinder portion 26, asin the former case. The valve action and likewise the course of theexhaust air may also be the Same as described above, although it shouldbe understood that such features are not material to the presentinvention.

In further regard to the slide bearing surfaces, it should be observedthat my invention contemplates broadly a saw-tooth or serrated bearingsurface comprising a series of interrupted or offset surfaces extendinglongitudinally in the plane of travel of the slides and jointlyconstituting a bearing surface on which the body of the machine rests sothat the weight is carried by the slides and which also takes thelateral thrust, such series of surfaces being arrangedbetween the sideedges of the slides realices as distinguished from side thrust surfaceslocated at the extreme outer edges thereof. It should be understood,therefore, that l have in the claims used the .term saw-tooth surface inboth a generic and speciiic sense as describing both the particularconstruction which the name implies and also any equivalent constructionof bearing surface.

It is believed that the foregoing conveys a clear understanding of theobjects prefaced above and of the principles of constructioncontemplated by my invention. lt should be further understood that theinvention is in no way limited to the particular constructions shown forpurpose of illustration, but that it is capable of embodiment in variousconstructions and modifications without departing from the spirit andscope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims, in which- Iclaim: y

1. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a pair of parallelcylinders, two driving pistons, one in each cylinder,

means connecting said pistons to maintain` them in balanced relationthroughout their reeiprocation, two rubbing devices one below eachpiston, and a separate connection independent of said above mentionedconnecting means between each rubbing device and the piston directlyabove the opposite rubbing device. v

2,. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a pair ofparallel laterally spaced driving pistons, two rubbing devices, onebelow each piston, said rubbing devices being reciprocable side by side,and means for independently connecting each rubbing` device with thepiston above the other rubbing device, whereby each rubbing device andthe piston directly overhead are reciprocated in opposite directions.

3. In a rubbing or polishing machine of the character described, a bodyequipped with reciprocable rubbing devices and pneumatically operatedmechanism for reciprocating said devices, an upstanding handle on thebody having a hose-receiving recess extending lengthwise of the handle,and a spring-pressed Ameans extending through the handle and shaped atone sidethereof to normally pinch a hose in said recess for stoppingpassage of fluid thereto and adapted to be manually operated at theopposite side for opening said passage.

4. In a rubbing or polishing machine of the character described, a bodyequipped with reciprocable rubbing devices and pneumatically operated Ymechanism for reciprocating said devices, an upstanding handle on thebody having a hose-receiving recess extending lengthwise of thehandle,an air inlet passage extending downwardly through the handle andseparated into sepa- Vrate air channels, and means extending lll@through the handle between saidV separated channels and operable on saidhose for stopping passage of fluid therethrough.

5. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a body, a motor inlsaid body, bearing plates substantially closing the lower side of saidbody, said plates being formed with longitudinally serrated bearingsurfaces and defining a narrow longitudinal slot, a pair of rubbingdevices each having aY plate formed with a serrated bearing surfaceslidable on one of said first mentioned surfaces, and drivingconnections for said rubbing devices extending through said slot to saidmotor.

6. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a motor carryingbody, plate means secured to and substantially closing the lower side ofsaid body said plate means being formed with serrated bearing surfaces,a pair of rubbing devices mounted below said body and having serratedhearing surfaces in sliding engagement with said first mentionedsurfaces, and means for operatively connecting said slides with saidmotor.

7. In a rubbing or polishing machine, in combination, a motor carryingbody, a pair of horizontally disposed' and parallel laterally spacedhearing plates attached to and substantially closing the under side ofsaid body, each plate-cn its under side having a serrated bearingsurface, a pair of rubbing devices having complemental serrated bearingsurfaces on their upper sides 'slidable on those of said plates, andmeans extending upv from said rubbing devices through the space betweensaid bearing plates for effecting a driving connection hetween the motorand said rubbing devices.

8. In a rubbing and polishing machine, in combination,l a body having apair of opposed cylinders, a piston in each cylinder and having atransverse bore, plate means mounted on-the underside of said body ,andhaving serrated bearing surfaces, reciprocable slides mounted below saidplate means and each havingV a complementary serrated bearing surfaceengaging said plate means, and hearing posts extending up' from saidslides into said transverse bores whereby said slides may hereciprocated.

V9. In a rub ing and polishing machine, in combination, a motorcontaining body, a plate having a serrated bearing surface mounted onthe under side of said body, a slide having a complementary serratedhearin surface mounted for reciprocation on sa1d plate, means forenclosing said bearing surfaces, and means on said slide extending intosaid body for connecting the motor to said slide tov reciprocate thelatter.

10. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

[parts reciprocable side by in combination, a body, a pair of paralleland oppositely moving elements, two serrated bearing surfaces on theunder side of said body, said hearing surfaces being separated by alongitudinal slot leading to the interior of SaidL body, a pair ofrubhing devices having complementa] serrated hearing surfaceslon theirupper side in sliding engagement with those on said body, a lateralprojection on each rubbing device extending through said slot and overthe other rubbing device for engagement with the movable element abovethe latter, and means for enclosing" said hearing surfaces.

l1. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

in combination, a. body, a motor in said body, a. horizontally disposedserrated bearing surface on the under side of said body, a rubbingdevice having a complemental serrated hearing surface on its upper sidein slidableengagement with the said first mentioned surface,K means forconnecting said motor and said device, and means secured to saidvbodyfor completely enclosing y said hearing surfaces. n

12. In a rubbing or polishing machine,

in combination, a body, a motor in said body, a horizontally disposedbearing surface on the under side of said body, a hearing slide havinga'bearing surface onr its upper side in slidable engagement with saidfirst mentioned hearing surface and havin an extension projecting intosaid body and connecting operatively with saidmotor, means carried bysaid body for enclosing said bearing surfaces, said means defining anarrow longitudinal space, dependin means projecting from said slidethroug said space, and laterally spaced parts car` ried by saiddepending means-for supporting a rubbing element.

13. In a rubhin -or polishing machine, in combination, aody, a pair ofdriving side in laterally spaced planes, a slot'in the lower surface ofsaid body, a Apair of rubbing devices reciprocable in similar planes vontheV under side of said body, and a lateral 4extension on each rubbingdevice extending into said body through said slot and above the oppositerubhin device lfor attachment with the opposite riving' part.

14. In a -rubbing or olishing machine,

incombination, a pair o driving parts reciprocable side by side inlaterally spaced planes, a pair of rubbing devices reciprocable insimilar planes, each rubbing device having a narrow lateral projectionextending over the o posite device, means on each projection having adriving connection with the overhead driving part.

SWAN F. ANDERSON.

locl

